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Effectiveness analysis and optimum design of the rotary regenerator for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system

Xi WU, Hong YE, Jianxiang WANG, Jie HE, Jian YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 193-199 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0184-z

摘要： The influence of the period of rotation on the effectiveness of the thermophotovoltaic (TPV) rotary regenerator was theoretically and experimentally investigated. It was found that the deviations of the theoretical results from the experimental ones decrease with the increase of the period of rotation. To the TPV system of 10 kW combustion power, the deviation is 3.5% when the rotation period is 3 s; while the deviation decreases to 1.5% when the rotation period increases to 15 s. The deviation could be mainly attributed to the cold and hot fluids carryover loss which was not considered in the model. With a new model taking account of the carryover loss established, the predicted results were greatly improved. Based on the modified model, the influence of geometrical parameters of rotary regenerator on the effectiveness was analyzed for TPV systems of various combustion power. The results demonstrate that the effectiveness increases with the increase of the rotary regenerator diameter and height, while fluid carryover loss increases at the same time, which weakens the impact of geometrical parameters.

关键词： thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system     rotary regenerator     effectiveness     carryover loss    

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Experimental investigation and feasibility analysis of a thermophotovoltaic cogeneration system in high-temperature

Jianxiang WANG, Hong YE, Xi WU, Hujun WANG, Xiaojie XU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 146-154 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0253-y

摘要： The experimental - characteristics of a Si cell module in a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system were investigated using SiC or Yb O radiator. The results demonstrate that the short-circuit current increases while the open-circuit voltage, along with the fill factor, decreases with the cell temperature when the radiator temperature increases from 1273 to 1573 K, leading to a suppressed increase of the output power of the system. The maximum output power density of the cell module is 0.05 W/cm when the temperature of the SiC radiator is 1573 K, while the electrical efficiency of the system is only 0.22%. The efficiency is 1.3% with a Yb O radiator at the same temperature, however, the maximum output power density drops to 0.03 W/cm . The values of the open-circuit voltage and the maximum output power obtained from the theoretical model conform to the experimental ones. But the theoretical short-circuit current is higher because of the existence of the contact resistance inside the cell module. In addition, the performance and cost of TPV cogeneration systems with the SiC or Yb O radiator using industrial high-temperature waste heat were analyzed. The system electrical efficiency could reach 3.1% with a Yb O radiator at 1573 K. The system cost and investment recovery period are 6732 EUR/kWel and 14 years, respectively.

关键词： thermophotovoltaic (TPV)     industrial waste heat     ytterbium oxide     system efficiency    

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Plasmonic light trapping for enhanced light absorption in film-coupled ultrathin metamaterial thermophotovoltaic

Qing NI, Hassan ALSHEHRI, Yue YANG, Hong YE, Liping WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 185-194 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0522-x

摘要： Ultrathin cells have gained increasing attention due to their potential for reduced weight, reduced cost and increased flexibility. However, the light absorption in ultrathin cells is usually very weak compared to the corresponding bulk cells. To achieve enhanced photon absorption in ultrathin thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cells, this work proposed a film-coupled metamaterial structure made of nanometer-thick gallium antimonide (GaSb) layer sandwiched by a top one-dimensional (1D) metallic grating and a bottom metal film. The spectral normal absorptance of the proposed structure was calculated using the rigorous coupled-wave algorithm (RCWA) and the absorption enhancement was elucidated to be attributed to the excitations of magnetic polariton (MP), surface plasmon polariton (SPP), and Fabry-Perot (FP) resonance. The mechanisms of MP, SPP, and FP were further confirmed by an inductor-capacitor circuit model, dispersion relation, and phase shift, respectively. Effects of grating period, width, spacer thickness, as well as incidence angle were discussed. Moreover, short-circuit current density, open-circuit voltage, output electric power, and conversion efficiency were evaluated for the ultrathin GaSb TPV cell with a film-coupled metamaterial structure. This work will facilitate the development of next-generation low-cost ultrathin infrared TPV cells.

关键词： metamaterial     thermophotovoltaic     plasmonics     light trapping     selective absorption    

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Near-field radiative thermoelectric energy converters: a review

Eric TERVO, Elham BAGHERISERESHKI, Zhuomin ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 5-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0517-z

摘要： Radiative thermoelectric energy converters, which include thermophotovoltaic cells, thermoradiative cells, electroluminescent refrigerators, and negative electroluminescent refrigerators, are semiconductor p-n devices that either generate electricity or extract heat from a cold body while exchanging thermal radiation with their surroundings. If this exchange occurs at micro or nanoscale distances, power densities can be greatly enhanced and near-field radiation effects may improve performance. This review covers the fundamentals of near-field thermal radiation, photon entropy, and nonequilibrium effects in semiconductor diodes that underpin device operation. The development and state of the art of these near-field converters are discussed in detail, and remaining challenges and opportunities for progress are identified.

关键词： energy conversion systems     luminescent refrigeration     near-field radiation     thermophotovoltaic     thermoradiative cell    

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Spectral emittance measurements of micro/nanostructures in energy conversion: a review

Shiquan SHAN, Chuyang CHEN, Peter G. LOUTZENHISER, Devesh RANJAN, Zhijun ZHOU, Zhuomin M. ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 482-509 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0693-0

摘要： Micro/nanostructures play a key role in tuning the radiative properties of materials and have been applied to high-temperature energy conversion systems for improved performance. Among the various radiative properties, spectral emittance is of integral importance for the design and analysis of materials that function as radiative absorbers or emitters. This paper presents an overview of the spectral emittance measurement techniques using both the direct and indirect methods. Besides, several micro/nanostructures are also introduced, and a special emphasis is placed on the emissometers developed for characterizing engineered micro/nanostructures in high-temperature applications (e.g., solar energy conversion and thermophotovoltaic devices). In addition, both experimental facilities and measured results for different materials are summarized. Furthermore, future prospects in developing instrumentation and micro/nanostructured surfaces for practical applications are also outlined. This paper provides a comprehensive source of information for the application of micro/nanostructures in high-temperature energy conversion engineering.

关键词： concentrating solar power (CSP)     emittance measurements     high temperature     micro/nanostructure     selective absorber     selective emitter     thermophotovoltaics (TPV)    

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System reliability and system resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 615-619 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0176-y

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工程 工程系统 工程系统论与工程科学体系

王连成

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第6期   页码 15-18

摘要：

从分析工程的基本内容、性质和特征人手，引出了工程系统的概念，接着应用一般系统论思想讨论了工程系统论的研究对象和研究方法，并论述了它在整个工程科学体系中的元学科地位。

关键词： 工程     系统     系统论     学科    

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Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 503-518 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0163-3

摘要： The Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS) is one of the most critical infrastructure systems in a country because a stable and secure power supply is a key foundation for national and social development. In recent years, resilience has become a major topic in preventing and mitigating the risks caused by large-scale blackouts of CPPSs. Accordingly, the concept and significance of CPPS resilience are at first explained from the engineering perspective in this study. Then, a review of representative quantitative assessment measures of CPPS resilience applied in the existing literature is provided. On the basis of these assessment measures, the optimization methods of CPPS resilience are reviewed from three perspectives, which are mainly focused on the current research, namely, optimizing the recovery sequence of components, identifying and protecting critical nodes, and enhancing the coupling patterns between physical and cyber networks. The recent advances in modeling methods for cascading failures within the CPPS, which is the theoretical foundation for the resilience assessment and optimization research of CPPSs, are also presented. Lastly, the challenges and future research directions for resilience optimizing of CPPSs are discussed.

关键词： Cyber–Physical Power System     resilience assessment     resilience optimization     cascading failure modeling    

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Discussion on the System Optimization of the Energy Development Strategy and Plan

Da-di Zhou

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 147-152 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014022

摘要： Energy is an important basis for economic and social development, and is a critical economic sector. Due to the complexity of the energy system, the interactive relationship with economic and social development, and the enormous investment involved, the optimization of the energy system is of great significance. We should make efforts to develop targets and specific approaches for the rational and optimal development of an energy system in order to avoid big losses due to systematic mistakes.

关键词： energy development strategy     planning system     system optimization    

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Distributed monitoring and diagnosis system for hydraulic system of construction machinery

Xiaohu CHEN, Wenfeng WU, Hangong WANG, Yongtao ZHOU,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第1期   页码 106-110 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0089-7

摘要： This paper mainly presents a distributed monitoring and diagnosis system for the hydraulic system of construction machinery based on the controller area net (CAN) field bus. The hardware of the distributed condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is designed. Its structure including the sensors, distributed data acquisition units, central signal processing unit, and CAN field bus is introduced. The software is also programmed. The general software design and its realization are studied in detail. The experiments and applications indicate that the distributed condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system can effectively realize its function of real-time online condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for the hydraulic system of construction machinery.

关键词： construction machinery     hydraulic system     distributed condition monitoring     controller area net (CAN) field bus     fault diagnosis    

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Theory and method of mechanism system design

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG, Qing ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第4期   页码 399-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0116-8

摘要： Conceptual design is the most critical and creative phase of design. Recently, increasing attention has been directed to supporting conceptual-level computer aided creative design and its theories and methodologies. Specifically, for conceptual design of mechanical products, this paper presents a novel function solving model for mechanical product design and highlights the importance of systematic synthesis to achieve creative design. Then it builds a framework as a function-effect-process-action- mechanisms (FEPAM) mapping process, which enables creative design on the basis of conceiving different action schemes. After that, several key points are elaborated including 1) representing and decomposition methods of functions and motion behaviors; 2) action scheme representing method based on network plan techniques; and 3) variation and creation methods based on action scheme transformations.

关键词： mechanism system creative design     process model     function solving model     process action procedure     mechanisms knowledge base     principle of mechanism system composition    

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Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0185-y

摘要： Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.

关键词： doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     load frequency control     inertial control     wind energy conversion system (WECS)    

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Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 245-254 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0218-6

摘要： This paper presents the analysis of load frequency control (LFC) of a deregulated two-area hydro-thermal power system using fuzzy logic controller, with doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) integrated into both the control areas. The deregulation of power sector has led to the formation of new companies for generation, transmission and distribution of power. The conventional two-area power system is modified to study the effects of the bilateral contracts of companies on the system dynamics. Deregulation creates highly competitive and distributed control environment, and the LFC becomes even more challenging when wind generators are also integrated into the system. The overall inertia of the system reduces, as the wind unit does not provide inertia and isolates from the grid during disturbances. The DFIGs integrated provide inertial support to the system through modified inertial control scheme, and arrests the initial fall in frequency after disturbance. The inertial control responds to frequency deviations, which takes out the kinetic energy of the wind turbine for improving the frequency response of the system. To enhance the participation of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the frequency control, optimal values of the speed control parameters of the DFIG-based wind turbine have been obtained using integral square error (ISE) technique. The dynamics of the system have been obtained for a small load perturbation, and for contract violation using fuzzy controller.

关键词： frequency regulation     fuzzy controller     de-regulated power system     doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)     bilateral contract    

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钱学森与系统工程

苗东升

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第3期   页码 16-20

摘要：

考察了钱学森系统工程思想的孕育、发展过程，概述了他所提出的有中国特色系统工程理论的要点，分析了他如何走出系统工程、扩大视野。

关键词： 钱学森     系统思想     系统工程     系统科学    

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China’s hydropower energy system toward carbon neutrality

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 677-682 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0196-2

摘要： Wind and solar powers will gradually become dominant energies toward carbon neutrality. Large-scale renewable energies, with strong stochasticity, high volatility, and unadjustable features, have great impacts on the safe operation of power system. Thus, an advanced hydropower energy system serving multiple energies is required to respond to volatility, with expanding role from a “stable energy supplier” to a “flexible efficiency regulator”. Future research and application can be considered from three aspects: 1) system expansion (e.g., the construction of large-scale hydropower/renewable energy bases in China, the construction of transnational hydropower energy internet, and the functional transformation of traditional hydropower reservoirs and generating units); 2) efficiency promotion (e.g., advanced intelligent forecasting, multi-objective operation, and risk management methods); and 3) supporting measures (e.g., market reform, benefit compensation and policy mechanism, technical standards, and laws and regulations).

关键词： hydropower system     carbon neutrality     artificial intelligence    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effectiveness analysis and optimum design of the rotary regenerator for thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system

Xi WU, Hong YE, Jianxiang WANG, Jie HE, Jian YANG

期刊论文

Experimental investigation and feasibility analysis of a thermophotovoltaic cogeneration system in high-temperature

Jianxiang WANG, Hong YE, Xi WU, Hujun WANG, Xiaojie XU

期刊论文

Plasmonic light trapping for enhanced light absorption in film-coupled ultrathin metamaterial thermophotovoltaic

Qing NI, Hassan ALSHEHRI, Yue YANG, Hong YE, Liping WANG

期刊论文

Near-field radiative thermoelectric energy converters: a review

Eric TERVO, Elham BAGHERISERESHKI, Zhuomin ZHANG

期刊论文

Spectral emittance measurements of micro/nanostructures in energy conversion: a review

Shiquan SHAN, Chuyang CHEN, Peter G. LOUTZENHISER, Devesh RANJAN, Zhijun ZHOU, Zhuomin M. ZHANG

期刊论文

System reliability and system resilience

期刊论文

工程 工程系统 工程系统论与工程科学体系

王连成

期刊论文

Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience

期刊论文

Discussion on the System Optimization of the Energy Development Strategy and Plan

Da-di Zhou

期刊论文

Distributed monitoring and diagnosis system for hydraulic system of construction machinery

Xiaohu CHEN, Wenfeng WU, Hangong WANG, Yongtao ZHOU,

期刊论文

Theory and method of mechanism system design

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG, Qing ZHANG

期刊论文

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

期刊论文

钱学森与系统工程

苗东升

期刊论文

China’s hydropower energy system toward carbon neutrality

期刊论文